martes, abril 08, 2008

La torre Eiffel japonesa cumple medio siglo

La Tokyo Tower. JORDI Juste
En 1958 Japón confirmaba al mundo su renacimiento tras la segunda guerra mundial con la terminación en Tokio de una gran antena metálica blanca y naranja de 333 metros de altura, diseñada a semejanza de la torre Eiffel de París, a la que supera en 13 metros. Se pensaron diversos nombres para la estructura, que oficialmente se denomina Nihon Denpa To (torre japonesa de ondas eléctricas), pero el pueblo rápidamente la bautizó como Tokyo Tower y la adoptó como el símbolo de la capital y uno de sus principales destinos recreativos.
En este medio siglo a la torre han acudido no solo millones de turistas, extranjeros y nacionales, sino también muchísimos toquiotas que la han elegido como marco de sus citas amorosas o de sus salidas familiares. Además, ha sido escenario de numerosas obras de ficción e incluso ha sido destruida muchas veces por la imaginación de autores de cómics, dibujos animados y películas apocalípticas de monstruos de serie B.
En el 2005, el ilustrador Lily Franky publicó la novela Tokyo Tawa: Okan to boku, to tokidoki, Oton (Tokyo Tower: mamá, yo, y a veces, papá), donde la torre es más que nunca el símbolo de la gran ciudad, el faro que atrae a los japoneses humildes de provincias en busca del éxito. El libro vendió más de un millón de ejemplares en su primer año y dio lugar a una película y una serie de televisión que contribuyeron a poner de nuevo de moda la estructura entre la gente joven.
La Tokyo Tower está en el distrito de Minato, relativamente cerca del corazón de la ciudad. Por eso, cualquiera de sus dos observatorios sirve para tener una visión de 360 grados de esta megaurbe, que se extiende mucho más allá de los límites administrativos de la prefectura de Tokio y cuya población se sitúa ya en más de 30 millones de habitantes. Desde el observatorio superior, a 250 metros de altitud, se puede comprobar que la ciudad y sus alrededores no son solo grises; también tienen el azul del mar, el verde de los jardines del palacio imperial y del santuario de Meiji y hasta, a veces, el blanco de la nieve, ya que en días claros se llega a divisar la cima del monte Fuji. Pero, sobre todo, la torre es una atalaya perfecta para percibir el abigarramiento de la metrópolis nipona, el aparente caos de callejuelas, ríos, autopistas urbanas, vías de tren elevadas... Nada que ver con los Campos de Marte, que desde lo alto de la Torre Eiffel parecen un tapiz.
Desde hace cinco años es posible ver la torre como un juguete metálico de colorines enmedio del hormigón, subiéndose a lo alto de la torre Mori, en Roppongi Hills. El edificio solo alcanza los 238 metros de altura pero, al estar situado en un cerro, ha sustituido a la Tokyo Tower como el observatorio más alto de la ciudad. Sin embargo, esta mantiene un encanto que difícilmente puede superar un rascacielos, ya que lo que buscan los turistas y los enamorados que quieren pasear su romance no es tanto ver la ciudad como estar dentro de su símbolo. Posiblemente esa condición emblemática no la perderá ni siquiera en el 2011, cuando esté terminada en el distrito de Sumita la New Tokyo Tower, que tendrá 613 metros de altura.
La Tokyo Tower. JORDI Juste

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